Magnetosfäriska orsaker till GIC i det svenska kraftnätet
- Diarienummer
- FID22-0005
- Projektledare
- Dimmock, Andrew
- Start- och slutdatum
- 230801-270731
- Beviljat belopp
- 2 500 000 kr
- Förvaltande organisation
- Swedish Institute of Space Physics
- Forskningsområde
- Bioteknik, medicinsk teknik och teknik för livsvetenskaperna
Summary
Huvudmålen är att förstå/uppnå: 1. Finns det kraftledningar som har hög risk att påverkas av GIC? 2. Hur solvinden och magnetosfärens dynamik driver GIC i det svenska kraftnätet. 3. En doktorsavhandling som stärker banden mellan akademi och industri inom denna strategiska forskningsgren. M00-M04: Litteratursammanfattning, databaser, och introduktion till fundamentala analysmetoder. Work package 1 (M04-M16): Kraftledningar känsliga för starka strömmar identifieras genom toppströmmarna i varje kraftledning vid varje tidpunkt. Work package 2 (M 16-M36): Undersökning av sambanden mellan GIC och solvind. Dessutom undersöks kopplingen till magnetosfärprocesser som substormar och magntosfäriska kompressioner. Work package 3 (M36-M48): Doktoranden avses i den avslutande delen ges ökat inflytande och frihet att påbörja en egen oberoende forskningslinje. En möjlighet är att koppla GIC-modellen till rymdplasmasimuleringar för systematiskt studera hur GIC i kraftnät drivs av solvindsförhållanden. Projektets förväntade resultat är: 1. GIC-känsliga kraftledningar i Sverige identifieras. 2. Förståelsen av substormars och solvindsförhållandens inverkan på GIC ökas väsentligt. 3. En påtaglig och långsiktig samverkan mellan akademisk och industriell svensk forskning om GIC etableras.
Populärvetenskaplig beskrivning
The Sun continually emits a stream of charged particles (mostly ions & electrons) that travel outward usually around 400 km/s. In some situations, the violent eruptions from the Sun will throw blobs of plasma outwards at a few thousand km/s. These eruptions are known as coronal mass ejections (CMEs) and together with the ambient solar wind, have a profound impact on society by causing what we know as space weather. The term space weather refers to the changing conditions on the Sun and near-Earth space that can impact technology and society as a whole. Similar to atmospheric weather, we would like to both accurately predict it and fully understand the potential impacts. The goal is to both avoid negative effects altogether and develop mitigation strategies. Space weather is the result of the complex interaction between the solar wind and CMEs, and the magnetosphere, which is a magnetic “bubble” formed by the internal magnetic field of the Earth. Fortunately, the magnetosphere protects us from harmful radiation from other things such as solar flares and cosmic rays. However, the interaction between CMEs and the magnetosphere can be dangerous for our technology and result in effects such as errors in GPS signals, radio communication disruption, and damage to long-conducting systems (e.g., pipelines, railways, power grids). It is the disruption to the power grid that this project aims to address. During certain solar wind conditions, and CMEs, the geomagnetic field measured on the Earth's surface begins to rapidly fluctuate. This is caused by internal processes in the magnetosphere but also the sudden compression from the impact of the blob of plasma. Since the earth underneath the surface is conductive, as well as seawater, then there is a geomagnetic induction, similar to how we take advantage of electrical induction to make electricity with generators. The result can be unwanted currents entering large conducting systems such as power grids that can damage transformers or cause blackouts due to tripping from the excess voltage. These currents are called geomagnetically induced currents (GICs). Understanding the impacts of GICs required bridging the gap between the academic research community (space physics) and the expertise of industrial power grid operators. This project aims to advance our understanding of how space weather impacts the power grid and strengthen the ties between academia and industry.